Improvement in apparatus for evaporating and concentrating liquids



UEIEEE STATES-- jEATEiv'r OFFICE.

JOHN HowAnTH, or SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN'VAPPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING AND CONCENTRATI'NG LIQUIDS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.A 112,347, dated March7, 1871 antedated A March 1, 1871.

I, JOHN HOWARTIL of Salem, in the countyv of Essex and State ofMassachusetts, have in- `ventedceitain Improvements in Apparatus forEvaporatingand ,Concentrating Liquids, of which the following isaspecification: ,j

Figure 1 isa sideA elevation of myinvention. Figa 2 is a sectionalelevation of the I column B, and Fig. 3 a plan view.

The object of this invention is to produce a rapid concentrationandevaporation of liquids, such as sulphate of iron Sulphate ofcopper,&c.,

g with a view tothe crystallization of the same by theutiliz'ation ofthe utmost amount of heat employed 5 and it consists, mainly, cfavertical column or reservoir f provided with two perforated transversepartitions and filled between the samewith coke or other porousmaterial", below which `is a chamber or cistern connected with alpipe orfluefrom the smokebox of a steam-boiler,"the `products of comchamber orcstern, Gr, which is surmounted 'by a cylindrical column or tower, B.This latter is provided with 'a cap, F, from which passes a horizontalpipe,E.

Hrepresents the perforated bottom of column '13, .and K represents acircular pan or vessel,

provided with a perforated bottom, It, and legs 7c', which rest on thetop of column B, leaving spaces h between the vessel K and column B. Thespace between perforated bottom H and vessel K is filled with coke orother porous material. Between the vessel-K j and cap F is an annularspace', f.

, "P represents `an injector patented by me i March 1,1870,inclosed inthe pipe E, and connected with the boiler A by a pipe, S.

' The pipe E terminates inthe Haring portion E', which communicates withthe parallel pipes O. These latter are located in the bottom of the tankC, and pass through the saine, as

shown in Fig. 3. rIhe tank C is divided into three compartments, G1 G2C3, the part C1 be- `ing connected to C2 by a Siphon-pipe, V, and

O2 to O3 by Siphon-pipe V. l

. Y Operation.

The steam generated in the boiler A is transmitted' through the pipe Sto the injector P, and, rushing through the same and tube E, exhauststhe air from the columnB, the latterybeing partially filled with coke,as above described. The exhaustion of the columnB will cause the heatedproducts of combustion from boiler A to rush through pipe D into chamberG-and upward through column B into vpipe E, where it mingles with thesteam from injectorP, and is forced through pipes O, superheating thesteam, and passing out of the opposite ends of` said pipes into the air.The `fluid tobe treated is placed in the compartment G1 of tank C, fromwhence it Hows same, its volatile portions are evaporated by the heatedproducts of combustion which are passing upward, as above described.After passing through the column the concentrated fluid falls throughthe perforated bottom H into the chamber G, from whence it may be drawninto suitable vessels for crystallization. In case, however, the iluidis not sufficiently concentrated, it may be pumped back into thecompartment Gand be allowed to pass through the column again. Thisoperation may be repeated as often as the nature of the fluid requires.f Y

The porous filling in the column B presents a wide extent of heatedsurface to the fallin g liquid, while the material readily absorbs heatfrom the products of combustion. Charcoal, pumice-stone, brick, woodchips, or shavings, Ste., may be used in place of coke;l but I preferthe latter.

The object of the subdivision ofthe tank G is to insure the uniformheating of the fluid to a given degree, and the division C, being nearerthe outer ends of pipes O, does not receive as much heat as the divisionG2, at which point the temperature is highest, and wherein theiluid isheated to the temperature which it is necessary to have before it ilowsinto the column B.

The apparatus is designed for the treatment of lluids which are notinjured by contact with the products of combustion, such as sulphate ofiron, sulphate of copper, Sac., while for iuids which are liable toinjury from such contact, I employ an apparatus which is the subject ofa separate application of the same date.

It will be seen that from this arrai'igement I derive a twofold use ofthe heated products of combustion: first, in heating1 the iiuid as itpercolates through the porous filling of the column B, and, second, inheating the uid in the divisions Cl C2 of tank G by passing, togetherwith the steam from injector I, through pipes O.

The tank C must be constructed of sufficient length to derive all theheat from the waste products passing through pipes O that can bepractically absorbed.

The transferring of the liquid from one division of the tank C toanother by means of the siphons serves to precipitate impuritiescontained therein before passing intothe evaporating-column.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. .The combination of the boiler A, pipe D, and cistern G,substantially as described.

2. The combination of the boiler A, pipe D, cistern G, and column B,substantially as described.

3. The column B, having perforated bottom H and perforated vessel K, andcap F, as and for the purpose set forth.

- 4. The combination of the injector P, pipe S, boiler A, pipe D,cistern G, and column B, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the last combination with the pipes E E and tankC, substantially as described.

6. The tank C, constructed in compartments U1 C2 C3, connected bySiphon-pipes VV', and having pipes O running through the bottom,substantially as described.

7. The combination of the tank C, constructed substantially asdescribed, pipe n, and column B, bywhich means I precipitate theimpurities contained in the hot liquid to be evaporated, and wherebythis liquid is purified before passingto and through the evaporatingcolumn, thus securing the greatest economy of the evaporating agent.

S. The combination of the steam and the waste products of combustion,and by the means substantially as described, for heating and evaporatingliquid-s.

9. rIhe process described, whereby I am enabled to use the heat from thewaste products 4 of combustion twofoldthat is, in heating the liquid intank C and in evaporating or concentrating the saine liquid when passingthrough the column B, the porous lling of which is first heated by theproducts of combustion passing through the coke or other agent on itsway to the pipes in the bottom of tank C, substantially described.

In testimony whereof Ihave signed my name to this specication in thepresence of two subscribin g witnesses.

JOHN HoWAn'rH.

Witnesses:

CARROLL D. WRIGHT, CHARLES F. BROWN.

